Data Catalog

This study examines the whether there is a phylogenetic structure to such episodes of changes in encephalization across mammals. Researchers used phylogenetic techniques to analyze brain mass, body mass and encephalization quotient (EQ) among 630 extant mammalian species. All data on body mass and brain mass of mammals were collected from published literature sources, except for brain masses measured directly from post-mortem specimens the researchers' own collections, and have been entered into a MySQL database.

This study reports the sequencing and manual annotation of the Gerris buenoi (G. buenoi) genome; the first water strider genome to be sequenced thus far. The size of the G. buenoi genome is approximately 1,000 Mb, and this sequencing effort has recovered 20,949 predicted protein-coding genes. Manual annotation uncovered a number of local (tandem and proximal) gene duplications and expansions of gene families known for their importance in a variety of processes associated with morphological and physiological adaptations to a water surface lifestyle.

The Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS) is part of a family of databases and software tools developed for the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). NEDS is the largest all-payer emergency department (ED) database in the United States, yielding national estimates of hospital-based ED visits. One of the most distinctive features of the NEDS is its large sample size, which allows for analysis across hospital types and the study of relatively uncommon disorders and procedures.

Papillary carcinomas constitute 1–2% of breast carcinomas in women. Solid papillary carcinoma (SPC) is a rare variant of papillary carcinoma with unique pathological morphology and biological behavior and has recently been classified as a new category of breast papillary carcinoma by the World Health Organization (2012), differentiating it from the previous classification as a type of intraductal papillary carcinoma. This retrospective study included four pathology-confirmed in situ SPC patients. Conventional MRI, diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) were performed with a 1.5 T whole-body MR scanner before surgical operation. The following characteristics of each lesion were recorded: signal intensity on T2WI/STIR and T1FSPGR, morphology, maximum lesion size, and time intensity curve (TIC) on dynamic contrast enhancement MRI (DCE-MRI), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value from DWI, and Cho peak from MRS.

The National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample (NIS) is a large publicly available all-payer inpatient care database in the United States, containing data on more than seven million hospital stays. Its large sample size is ideal for developing national and regional estimates and enables analyses of rare conditions, uncommon treatments, and special populations.

The Kids' Inpatient Database (KID) is the largest publicly-available all-payer pediatric inpatient care database in the United States, containing data from two to three million hospital stays. Its large sample size is ideal for developing national and regional estimates and enables analyses of rare conditions, such as congenital anomalies, as well as uncommon treatments, such as organ transplantation.

This data collection documents all cases of military intervention across international boundaries by regular armed forces of independent states in the regions of Europe, the Americas (and Caribbean), Asia and the Pacific, Sub-Saharan Africa, and the Middle East/North Africa. Military interventions are defined operationally in this collection as the movement of regular troops or forces (airborne, seaborne, shelling, etc.) of one country into the territory or territorial waters of another country, or forceful military action by troops already stationed by one country inside another, in the context of some political issue or dispute. The study seeks to identify politically important actions which interpose a state directly into the conflict patterns occurring in another state, and which conceivably involve a breach of the sovereignty of the target state (albeit by invitation in some cases). The collection identifies intervener and target countries and specifies the starting and ending dates of the intervention. A series of potential interests in or motives for intervention are presented, including effects on the target's domestic disputes, foreign or domestic policies, and efforts to protect social factions in the target, to attack rebels in sanctuaries across borders ("hot pursuit"), to protect or enhance economic/resource interests, to protect military or diplomatic facilities, to save lives, or to affect regional power balances and strategic relations. Information is provided on the direction of the intervention, i.e., to support or oppose the target government, to support or oppose opposition groups in the target, or to support or oppose third-party governments or opposition groups. Other variables show the degree of prior intervention, the alliance or treaty relationship between intervener and target, prior colonial status, prior intervention, and measures of intervener and target power size. A series of intensity measures, such as battle-related casualties, is also included. For each type of incursion, by land, sea, or air, an ordinal scale of involvement is presented, ranging from minor engagement such as evacuation, to patrols, acts of intimidation, and actual firing, shelling, or bombing. Finally, contiguity information is provided to indicate both whether intervener and target are geographically contiguous, and whether the intervention was launched from contiguous territory.